Banking Domain

Financial Domain
Semantic Layer

A three-layer knowledge framework — taxonomy, ontology, and knowledge graph — built to ground enterprise AI agents in accurate, governed banking domain knowledge aligned to FIBO.

134
Governed terms
83
OWL classes
7
Knowledge domains
21
Metadata columns
Stack SKOSOWL / TurtleRDFFIBOSPARQLNeo4j / CypherProtégé

Why this exists

AI agents operating in banking hallucinate because the knowledge layer underneath them is informal or absent. Terms like "non-performing loan," "beneficial owner," and "Tier 1 capital" mean specific, legally significant things.

This portfolio demonstrates the full semantic stack required to ground a financial AI system — governed SKOS taxonomy, formal OWL ontology, and instantiated Neo4j knowledge graph — all aligned to FIBO and designed to plug directly into a RAG pipeline or agentic architecture.

Key capabilities

FIBO alignmentEvery term mapped for interoperability
AI-ready metadataCanonical defs + usage constraints for LLM grounding
Governance designSteward roles, approval workflows, lifecycle states
Full OWL formalismRestrictions, inverse properties, SKOS bridge
Queryable KG6 customers, AML/SAR scenario, 7 Cypher queries
artifact / 01
Banking Domain Taxonomy
banking_taxonomy_v3.xlsx

A SKOS-based taxonomy of 134 banking concepts across seven domains. Each term carries 21 metadata columns: plain-language definitions, AI canonical definitions, scope notes, FIBO alignment, usage constraints, governance fields, and lifecycle state. Structured to ingest into Alation, Collibra, or a RAG pipeline.

Customers & Parties
Entity types, ownership, PEP status
Accounts
Deposit, credit, investment products
Transactions
Payment types, channels, events
Credit & Risk
PD, LTV, ECL, Basel III metrics
Regulatory & Compliance
AML, KYC, BSA, SAR workflows
Financial Metrics
NIM, CECL, capital adequacy
Data & Technology
Semantic layer, data lineage, catalog integration, AI/ML
21 metadata columns — selected
preferred_labelCanonical display name
definitionPlain-language business definition
ai_canonical_defStructured definition for LLM grounding
scope_noteUsage boundaries and edge cases
broader_conceptSKOS broader hierarchy link
fibo_alignmentFIBO namespace URI mapping
usage_constraintsAI model usage restrictions
lifecycle_stateDraft / Active / Deprecated
data_stewardGovernance ownership role
change_noteAudit trail for term changes
artifact / 02
Banking Domain OWL Ontology
banking_domain.ttl — Turtle syntax · Protégé-compatible
83
OWL Classes
14
Object Properties
10
Datatype Properties
6
Annotation Properties

A formal OWL ontology in Turtle syntax with subclass hierarchies, object properties, OWL restrictions, and a SKOS ConceptScheme bridge connecting ontology to taxonomy. FIBO namespaces imported throughout. Opens and reasons in Protégé — inference-clean, no unsatisfiable classes.

banking_domain.ttl — excerpt
# Class with FIBO alignment + OWL restriction
bk:NonPerformingLoan
  a owl:Class ;
  rdfs:subClassOf bk:Loan ,
    [ a owl:Restriction ;
      owl:onProperty bk:hasDelinquencyStatus ;
      owl:someValuesFrom bk:DelinquencyStatus ] ;
  skos:definition "Loan where borrower has failed
    scheduled payments for 90+ days." ;
  rdfs:isDefinedBy fibo-be:LoanProducts .

# Object property with inverse
bk:hasCollateral
  a owl:ObjectProperty ;
  owl:inverseOf bk:collateralizesLoan ;
  rdfs:domain bk:SecuredLoan ;
  rdfs:range  bk:CollateralAsset .
artifact / 03
Banking Knowledge Graph
banking_knowledge_graph.cypher — Neo4j · runnable in Neo4j Sandbox

Six synthetic customers across banking segments, their accounts and loans, AML alerts escalating to a SAR filing, a fraud event, and collateral relationships — rich enough to run the analytical queries a bank's AI team would actually need.

Retail Banking

Margaret Chen

Checking, savings, mortgage — standard retail profile, baseline for queries

PEP / AML Risk

David Okonkwo

Politically Exposed Person — two international wires trigger AML alerts escalating to SAR filing

Private Banking

Sarah Whitfield

High-net-worth client — account takeover fraud event flagged and blocked

Non-Performing Loan

Robert Mazur

Delinquent mortgage, 90+ DPD — active collections, collateral LTV tracked

Commercial Banking

Apex Manufacturing

Small business — revolving credit, equipment loan, beneficial ownership graph

Middle Market CRE

Meridian Properties

Commercial real estate — CRE loan, collateral appraisal, LTV, capital reserves

01 — Non-performing loan analysis with collateralexpand
// Find all NPL customers, loans, collateral, and LTV
MATCH (c:Customer)-[:HAS_ACCOUNT]->(a:Account)
      -[:HAS_LOAN]->(l:Loan {status: 'NonPerforming'})
OPTIONAL MATCH (l)-[:SECURED_BY]->(col:Collateral)
RETURN c.name, l.loanId, l.balance,
       l.daysDelinquent, col.appraisedValue, l.ltvRatio
ORDER BY l.daysDelinquent DESC
02 — Full AML / PEP chain → SAR filingexpand
// Trace PEP → accounts → transactions → AML alerts → SAR
MATCH (c:Customer {isPEP: true})
      -[:HAS_ACCOUNT]->(a:Account)
      -[:HAS_TRANSACTION]->(t:Transaction)
      -[:TRIGGERED]->(alert:AMLAlert)
OPTIONAL MATCH (alert)-[:ESCALATED_TO]->(sar:SARFiling)
RETURN c.name, c.pepStatus, t.amount,
       alert.alertType, alert.riskScore, sar.filingDate
03 — Multi-risk customer flaggingexpand
// Find customers with 2+ risk flags across any risk type
MATCH (c:Customer)
WITH c,
  CASE WHEN c.isPEP THEN 1 ELSE 0 END +
  CASE WHEN (c)-[:HAS_ACCOUNT]->()-[:HAS_LOAN]->
    (:Loan {status:'NonPerforming'}) THEN 1 ELSE 0 END +
  CASE WHEN (c)-[*]->(:AMLAlert) THEN 1 ELSE 0 END
  AS riskScore
WHERE riskScore >= 2
RETURN c.name, c.segment, riskScore
ORDER BY riskScore DESC
04 — Beneficial ownership graph traversalexpand
// Resolve beneficial ownership chain for commercial entities
MATCH path = (owner:Customer)
             -[r:OWNS*1..3]->
             (entity:CommercialEntity)
RETURN owner.name,
       [n IN nodes(path) | n.name] AS ownershipChain,
       [rel IN relationships(path) | rel.ownershipPct]
         AS ownershipPercentages

What this demonstrates for an AI or data team

End-to-end semantic stack

Most practitioners can do one layer well. This portfolio shows taxonomy, formal ontology, and knowledge graph working as a coherent system — which is what a production AI knowledge layer requires.

FIBO-aligned domain depth

FIBO alignment requires understanding the ontology's namespace structure, import patterns, and how its classes map to real banking concepts. This demonstrates genuine domain fluency, not surface familiarity.

Governance built in from the start

Steward roles, lifecycle states, approval workflows, and audit fields embedded in the taxonomy model — not afterthoughts. The difference between a semantic artifact and a governable enterprise asset.

AI-ready, not just correct

Every term has a structured ai_canonical_definition, usage constraints, and scope notes formatted for LLM grounding and RAG retrieval — not just human readability.

Need a knowledge layer for your AI system?

This is the kind of work I do for AI teams in finance, healthcare, and regulated industries.